\chapter{Laboratory testing} \textit{Každá section jak protokol, Co chci změřit, Fyzika - princip toho co měřím, čím to měřím, zapojení měřící techniky, tabulky, graf} \section{Communication range} One of main consideration when choosing a IoT platform is communication range. Main source of attenuation of radio energy caused by electric field dispersion/diffusion of electric field. This effect if best described by \ac{FSPL}: \begin{equation} FSPL=\left( \frac{4 \pi d}{\lambda} \right) ^2 \end{equation} Signal attenuation is also dependent on directivity of antennas and loss on connectors and \textbf{electrical wiring}. When antenna and transmission total \textbf{gain} is constant and can be added to equation like this: \begin{equation} A = D_{ANT} \cdot A_{RX} \cdot \left( \frac{4 \pi d}{\lambda} \right) ^2 \end{equation} Where $D_{ANT}$ is directivity of antenna and $A_{RX}$ is total loss from \ac{RF} connector to \ac{LTE} modem. These must be accounted to only when measuring on directly on LTE modem. This can be converted to simplify calculation to decibel form: \begin{equation} A = D_{ANT}^{[dB]} + A_{RX}^{[dB]} + 10 \cdot \log_{10} \left( \frac{4 \pi d}{\lambda} \right) ^2 \end{equation} From this a maximal range can be simulated using \ac{RF} attenuators in laboratory environment by converting \begin{equation} d = A_{max} \end{equation} Dosah zásvisí na vzdálenosti, v ideálních podmínkách line of sight Free-space path loss Popis Free-space path loss, teorie, vzorečky Technika - variable attenuator, Tabulka utlum , km ve free-space , teoreticka sila signalu , signal na vstupu podle FW , packet drop / BER \section{Noise immunity - reliability} Noise makes signal bad, reciver much sad. Teorie, vzorecky, Bit error rate, Added white gausian noise Teoreticke vypocty pro NB-IoT, LTE-M, DECT NR+ Technika zdroj šumu, směšovač, Pro jednotlivé AWGN a CNR carier noise ratio Tabulka utlum , km ve free-space , teoreticka sila signalu , signal na vstupu podle FW , packet drop / BER , spotřeba \section{Power consumtion} Globalni oteplovani bad, small battery good Technika Power Profiler Kit II \section{Latency} Pro jednotlivé AWGN a CNR carier noise ratio Tabulka utlum , km ve free-space , teoreticka sila signalu , signal na vstupu podle FW , packet drop / BER , spotřeba , latence Experimentální ověření NB-IoT, LTC-M, DECT NR+: \begin{itemize} \item dosah - popis cesty šíření ve volném prostoru, odkaz na teoretický výpočet útlumi vzdáleností ve volném prostředí ve vzduchu. Popis atenuátoru. \item spotřeba - variabilní snižování síly signálu, popis Power Profiler Kit II \item přenosová rychlost - primárně pro DECT, praktická superhurbá přenosová rychlost UDP Byty/(čas od konce do začátku sleep) \item odolnost vůči šumu - VF generátor šumu, teorie \end{itemize} Experimentální ověření DECT NR+ navíc: \begin{itemize} \item spolehlivost - \item latence - \end{itemize} Teorie mereni - Náhradní modely prostředí. Degradace signálu. Popis experimentální instrumentace a sestav. Spotřeba, packet drop, rychlost, latence závislá na útlumu (popř. intenzita bílého šumu) (vsechny protokoly) \section{Measurement} \begin{sidewaystable} \centering \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Nominal} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{nRF modem} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{nRF FW} & \multicolumn{6}{c|}{Power Kit II} \\ \hline $K_U$ & CL & $P_I$ & $Q_I$ & $SNR$ & $T_{lat}$ & $PD$ & $P_{TX}$ & $P_{RX}$ & W & $T_{TX}$ & $T_{RX}$ & $R_B$ \\ [dB] & [dB] & [dBm] & [dBm] & [dB] & [ms] & [\%] & [mA] & [mA] & [J/msg] & [$\mu$ s] & [$\mu$ s] & [kB/s] \\\hline 0 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 3 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 6 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 10 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 13 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 16 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 20 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 23 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 26 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 30 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 33 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 36 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 40 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \caption{NB-IoT / LTE-M measurements for message length = X B and added noise = X dBm} \end{sidewaystable} \begin{sidewaystable} \centering \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Nominal} & \multicolumn{5}{c|}{nRF modem} & \multicolumn{6}{c|}{Power Kit II} \\ \hline $K_U$ & CL & $RSSI$ & $RSSI-2$ & $SNR$ & $T_{lat}$ & $PD$ & $P_{TX}$ & $P_{RX}$ & W & $T_{TX}$ & $T_{RX}$ & $R_B$ \\ [dB] & [dB] & [dBm] & [dBm] & [dB] & [ms] & [\%] & [mA] & [mA] & [J/msg] & [$\mu$ s] & [$\mu$ s] & [kB/s] \\\hline 0 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 3 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 6 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 10 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 13 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 16 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 20 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 23 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 26 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 30 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 33 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 36 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline 40 & -140 & -80 & 10 & 40 & 0.5 & 0.1 & 98 & 10 & 0.1 & 400 & 400 & 1 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \caption{DECT-NR+ measurements for message length = X B and added noise = X dBm} \end{sidewaystable}